Assessing First Aid Needs
Employers are required to provide adequate and appropriate equipment, facilities and personnel to ensure their employees (and others when deemed necessary) receive immediate attention if they are injured or taken ill at work.
What qualifies as “adequate and appropriate” will depend on the circumstances of each employing organisation but to determine this, those responsible for first-aid provisions should carry out an assessment of first-aid needs.
When assessing what is adequate and appropriate, the employer must take into account of a number of factors, such as:
- The hazards and risks associated with work activities
- The size of the organisation and its history of accidents
- The nature and distribution of the workforce
- The needs of lone workers and working patterns
- The possible absence of first aid personnel.
Other factors may influence the level of provision, including the remoteness of the premises from emergency services and hospitals or the findings of incident statistics and investigations.
First-aid kit contents
The BS 8599-1:2019 standards recommend quantities for workplace first aid kits: For a list of contents, take a look at our article on Workplace first aid kits: BS 8599-1:2019
The standard also states how many first aid kits will be required for the number of people in a given workplace. In addition, it is important to note that the standard states that where there are special circumstances in a particular workplace, such as remoteness from emergency services, the quantity of first aid kits should be increased as needed. As such, the following list should not be taken as authoritative and your individual needs should be carefully assessed.
For low hazard workplaces the requirements are:
- Fewer than 25 employees: 1 small workplace first aid kit.
- From 25-100 employees: 1 medium workplace first aid kit.
- Over 100 employees: 1 large workplace first aid kit per 100 employees.
For high hazard work environments, the requirements are slightly more stringent:
- Fewer than five employees: 1 small first workplace first aid kit
- From 5-25 employees: 1 medium workplace first aid kit
- More than 25 employees: 1 large kit per 25 employees
Eye Wash
If mains tap water is not readily available for eye irrigation, at least a litre of sterile water or sterile normal saline (0.9%) in sealed, disposable containers should be provided. Once the seal is broken, the solutions should not be kept for reuse. Solutions should not be used beyond their expiry date.
Additional Materials and Equipment
If the first-aid assessment and the likely response time of the emergency services suggest that some means of moving a patient is necessary, such as a stretcher or evacuation chair, it should be stored in a place that is secure, yet readily available for use. It is important that anyone expected to use it must be fully trained in its correct use, as the injuries that could result from its misuse could lead to litigation for the organisation.
It is possible that the circumstances of the rescue or treatment of an injured person place the first aider at sufficient risk to require some form of personal protective equipment, e.g. a hard hat or some form of protective garment. In addition, it may be necessary to provide blankets or some other form of protection for the patient. Where these are necessary they should be readily available for use but secure from misuse or accidental damage. Their positioning will depend on the need, e.g. it may be appropriate to:
- Issue the equipment to individual first aiders trained in its use
- Hold it in a central (secure) location
- Site the equipment near to the area where the risk that may require its use is situated.
There is more information about workplace first aid assessments in our guide to first aid in the office. Read in conjunction with our first aid in different environments article to ensure you are fully prepared for your workplace